Plastics are a group of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials that are made from polymer compounds. Due to their flexibility, strength and malleability, these materials are used in the production of countless products from beverage bottles to car parts. Knowing the ingredients of plastic facilitates the understanding of its applications and environmental challenges.
Polymers: the main basis of plastic
The basis of plastic is polymers. Polymers are long chains of repeating molecules (monomers) that are created through the process of polymerization. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are the most famous polymers used in the plastic industry.
Additives: performance improvers
In order to strengthen the properties of plastic, various additives are added to polymers. These additives include plasticizers (for more flexibility), pigments (to create color), UV stabilizers (to resist sunlight) and fire retardants (to reduce flammability).
Environmental challenges and alternatives
Despite the advantages of plastic, its indestructibility has become an environmental problem. Nowadays, efforts are made to reduce its negative effects on the environment by using biodegradable plastics (such as PLA) or recycling ordinary plastics.
Conclusion
Plastic ingredients are a combination of polymers and additives that give unique properties to the final product. Understanding these compounds not only helps to improve production processes, but also provides solutions to reduce pollution caused by plastic.
